C#線程的啟動示例教程

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在.net中為我們提供了兩種啟動線程的方式，一種是不帶參數(shù)的啟動方式，另一種是帶參數(shù)的啟動的方式。

1：不帶參數(shù)的啟動方式，可以使用ThreadStart來實例化Thread，ThreadStart是在.Net Framework 中已經(jīng)定義好的委托，ThreadStart定義為：

public delegate void ThreadStart();

使用方法如下面的代碼：

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Demo demo = new Demo();

            Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(demo.Run));
            t.Name = "NoParameterThread";
            t.Start();
        }

   public class Demo
    {
        int interval = 1000;
        /// <summary>
        /// 不帶參數(shù)的啟動方法
        /// </summary>
        public void Run()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                DoSomething();
            }
        }

        private void DoSomething()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("當(dāng)前線程：{0}，當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)時間為：{1}", Thread.CurrentThread.Name, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
            Thread.Sleep(interval);
        }
}

2：帶參數(shù)的啟動方法，就要使用ParameterizedThreadStart委托來實例化Thread了，和ThreadStart一樣的是它也是線程啟動時要執(zhí)行的方法，和ThreadStart不同的是，它在實例化時可以用一個帶有一個Object參數(shù)的方法作為構(gòu)造函數(shù)的參數(shù)，而實例化ThreadStart時所用到的方法是沒有參數(shù)的。ParameterizedThreadStart定義為：

public delegate void ParameterizedThreadStart(object obj);

使用方法如下面的代碼：

public class Demo
    {
        int interval = 1000;

        private void DoSomething()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("當(dāng)前線程：{0}，當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)時間為：{1}", Thread.CurrentThread.Name, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
            Thread.Sleep(interval);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 帶參數(shù)的啟動方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="param"></param>
        public void Run(object param)
        {
            if (param == null)
                return;

            int.TryParse(param.ToString(), out interval);
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                DoSomething();
            }
        }

    }

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Demo demo = new Demo();

            Thread parameterThread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(demo.Run));
            parameterThread.Name = "ParameterThread";
            parameterThread.Start(2000);
        }

3：在很多時候，我們遇到的情況是要傳遞多個參數(shù)，注意到ParameterizedThreadStart委托的參數(shù)類型是一個Object對象，為什么是Object這樣的參數(shù)呢？很簡單，因為在.net中Object是所有類型的基類。這樣我們可以聲明一個類，為這個類增加屬性，這些屬性也就是參數(shù)。

使用方法如下面的代碼：

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Demo demo = new Demo();

            ThreadParamter p = new ThreadParamter(2000,100);
            Thread multiParameterThread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(demo.CustomerParamterRun));
            multiParameterThread.Name = "MultiParameterThread";
            multiParameterThread.Start(p);
        }

public class Demo
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 帶多個參數(shù)的啟動方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="param"></param>
        public void CustomerParamterRun(object param)
        {
            if (param == null)
                return;

            ThreadParamter p = param as ThreadParamter;
            if (p != null)
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < p.LoopCount; i++)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(string.Format("當(dāng)前線程：{0}，當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)時間為：{1}", Thread.CurrentThread.Name, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
                    Thread.Sleep(p.Interval);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public class ThreadParamter
    {
        public int Interval { get; set; }
        public int LoopCount { get; set; }

        public ThreadParamter()
        { }

        public ThreadParamter(int interval, int loopCount)
        {
            this.Interval = interval;
            this.LoopCount = loopCount;
        }
    }

4：在遇到業(yè)務(wù)非常復(fù)雜的時候，上面寫法還是有問題，封裝不夠好，我們可以使用裝飾模式，對上面的代碼進行改進。這樣業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)生改變的時候，我們只需要修改核心的實現(xiàn)部分，調(diào)用的方法可以不用做任何修改，而且調(diào)用方法的代碼非常簡潔。

修改后的代碼如下：

 static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            DecoratorThread t = new DecoratorThread(new ThreadParamter(2000, 100));
            t.Start();
        }

public class ThreadParamter
    {
        public int Interval { get; set; }
        public int LoopCount { get; set; }

        public ThreadParamter()
        { }

        public ThreadParamter(int interval, int loopCount)
        {
            this.Interval = interval;
            this.LoopCount = loopCount;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 使用裝飾模式來實現(xiàn)多個參數(shù)的
    /// </summary>
    public class DecoratorThread
    {
        private ThreadParamter threadParamter;
        private Thread thread;


        public DecoratorThread(ThreadParamter threadParamter)
        {
            this.threadParamter = threadParamter;
            thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Run));
            thread.Name = "DecoratorThread";
        }

        public void Start()
        {
            if (thread != null)
            {
                thread.Start();
            }
        }

        private void Run()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < threadParamter.LoopCount; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("當(dāng)前線程：{0}，當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)時間為：{1}", Thread.CurrentThread.Name, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
                Thread.Sleep(threadParamter.Interval);
            }
        }
    }