2016河南省翻譯競賽試題

2016河南省第八屆翻譯競賽試題由西西為大家完整帶來，當(dāng)前全國各地都在搞競賽，中學(xué)生的英語能力競賽也在舉行之中，而河南省第八屆翻譯大賽也緊鑼密鼓般展開，來自省內(nèi)、省外的各類英語達(dá)人們同臺競技，展現(xiàn)自己的才能與不凡，為自己的人生履歷添寫重要一筆。

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ooner or later, we must realize that we have to live within the planet’s means. We can’t use more water than the Earth is capable of providing. A globally sustainable civilization doesn’t mean one that’s poor or without joy. On the contrary, we can have spectacularly affluent civilizations where we don’t use more resources than the environment can provide. I call this eco-affluence. There can be new lifestyles of the grandest quality that heal rather than harm our global ecosystem.

A quality of life that doesn’t damage the environment doesn’t mean “back-to-nature.” You don’t have to live like Thoreau (unless you want to). It could mean living in a superbly sophisticated city, near family, with the excitement of creative work, cultural diversity, elegant parks and superlative entertainment. Cities can be both beautiful and ecologically correct. A good lifestyle may mean developing a connection to religion, beauty and community. Future civilizations will be anything but simple, and they will have a wide variety of lifestyles.

There are many ways to be affluent without harming the environment. Some involve the love of nature, some involve high technology and some involve opera, baseball, theater, or jazz. The Earth will have large protected areas of ancient and immense biodiversity, and some people will be passionate about understanding this biodiversity. Some will be crazy about ocean racing, paragliding, birding, breeding orchids, hydroponics, cricket, camping or walking in beautiful places. Digital technology will bring global computer games with virtual reality of great richness. With hi-fi earphones and high-definition goggles, we can take state-of-the-art entertainment anywhere.

The future will be characterized by a rapid growth in knowledge and new techniques for putting knowledge to work. Routine work will continue to be done by machines, leaving humans to focus increasingly on jobs that demand human feeling and creativity. The 21st century will bring extraordinary levels of eco-affluent creativity. There will be a near-infinite number of eco-affluent avocations and hobbies.

言折射社會(huì)發(fā)展的軌跡。中國歷史上每一次大的社會(huì)變革，都會(huì)涌現(xiàn)出一大批新詞語。語言屬于社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，語言是隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展而發(fā)展的。詞匯是語言中最活躍的因素。社會(huì)的變革、科技的發(fā)展、人們思維的活躍和觀念的更新，都會(huì)在語言的詞匯中很快地反映出來，突出表現(xiàn)是新詞新義新用法的大量出現(xiàn)。遠(yuǎn)的不說，就從上一個(gè)世紀(jì)來看，“五四”前后、建國初期和改革開放以來，分別是新詞語出現(xiàn)的三個(gè)高峰。如近年來隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)這一新事物的出現(xiàn)，跟網(wǎng)絡(luò)有關(guān)的新詞語就出現(xiàn)了一大串，像因特網(wǎng)、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、電子郵件、網(wǎng)站、網(wǎng)校、網(wǎng)址、網(wǎng)頁、網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪等，這是語言與社會(huì)共變的最好例證。

語言是社會(huì)的一面鏡子，社會(huì)發(fā)生了很大變化，語言不可能是無動(dòng)于衷的，不可能還是保持原樣的。語言還可以幫助強(qiáng)化一種觀念, 甚至強(qiáng)化一種意識形態(tài)，所以無論是保守的還是革命的，都分別以不同方式來利用語言。像法國大革命時(shí)期，月份名稱都改了，因?yàn)樗麄冇X得名稱代表了一種傳統(tǒng)的力量，代表了一種君王、貴族的象征，所以語言本身也是有力量的。社會(huì)變遷無疑會(huì)給語言帶來變化，社會(huì)上猛然接受了很多新的信息，肯定會(huì)在語言上有所體現(xiàn)，有的時(shí)候社會(huì)變遷帶來了很多新的信息，新的信息里的一部分可以用老詞匯來體現(xiàn)，但有時(shí)我們只能用新詞匯來表達(dá)部分新信息。因此，可以說，語言與社會(huì)是緊密相聯(lián)的。