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首頁編程開發(fā)Android → 利用WCF與Android實現(xiàn)圖片上傳并傳遞參數(shù)

利用WCF與Android實現(xiàn)圖片上傳并傳遞參數(shù)

前往專題相關(guān)軟件相關(guān)文章發(fā)表評論 來源:西西整理時間:2013/9/2 23:23:17字體大。A-A+

作者:西西點擊:217次評論:1次標(biāo)簽: WCF Android

  • 類型:源碼相關(guān)大小:79KB語言:中文 評分:5.0
  • 標(biāo)簽:
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最近做一個項目后端使用WCF接收Android手機拍照并帶其它參數(shù)保存到服務(wù)器里;剛好把最近學(xué)習(xí)的WCF利用上,本以為是個比較簡單的功能應(yīng)該很好實現(xiàn),沒想到其中碰到不少問題,在網(wǎng)上搜索很久一直沒有想到的解決方案,最后實現(xiàn)對數(shù)據(jù)流的分段寫入然后后端再來解析流實現(xiàn)的此功能;后端運用WCF中的REST來接收數(shù)據(jù);REST還是比較簡單的知識,若是不懂可以簡單網(wǎng)上了解一下;下面我們先了解一些本次運用到的理論知識:

一:理論知識

由于低層協(xié)議特性限制,WCF的流模式只支持如下四種:1:BasicHttpBinding 2:NetTcpBinding 3:NetNamedPipeBinding 4:WebHttpBinding

1.設(shè)置TransferMode。它支持四種模式(Buffered、Streamed、StreamedRequest、StreamedResponse),請根據(jù)具體情況設(shè)置成三種Stream模式之一。

2.修改MaxReceivedMessageSize。該值默認(rèn)大小為64k,因此,當(dāng)傳輸數(shù)據(jù)大于64k時,則拋出CommunicationException異常。  

3.修改receiveTimeout 和sendTimeout。大數(shù)據(jù)傳送時間較長,需要修改這兩個值,以免傳輸超時。

二:解決問題

WCF如果使用Stream做為參數(shù)時只能唯一一個,不能有其它另外的參數(shù),這個也是本次碰到要重點解決的一個問題;可是我們Android手機除的圖片還要有其它的參數(shù),最后決定采用手機端把參數(shù)跟圖片都一起寫入Stream里面,后端WCF再來解析這個參數(shù)的流;

下面就是定義好Stream的格式,傳過來的Stream分成三部分: 參數(shù)信息長度  參數(shù)信息   圖片

1 參數(shù)信息長度(1字節(jié)):用于存放參數(shù)信息的長度(以字節(jié)為單位);

2 參數(shù)信息: 除圖片以外的參數(shù),以JSON的形式存放如{"type":"jpg","EmployeeID":"12","TaskID":"13"}

3 圖片:圖片的字節(jié)

三:WCF編碼內(nèi)容

1:我們首先定義一個WCF契約,由于我們運用REST(在命名空間ServiceModel.Web下面)契約IAndroidInfo內(nèi)容如下,采用POST方式進行接收:

using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel.Web;
using System.IO;

namespace Coreius.CEIMS.AndroidInterface
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IAndroidInfo
    {
         [WebInvoke(UriTemplate = "GpsUpFile", Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped, RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, 
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
        bool GpsUpFile(Stream ImageContext);
    }
}

2:根據(jù)契約我們定義服務(wù)的內(nèi)容,接收一個流的參數(shù)內(nèi)容,首先把這個Stream轉(zhuǎn)化成字節(jié),然后根據(jù)我們先前約定好的內(nèi)容獲得第一個字節(jié)的值,再根據(jù)此值定義我們另外三個參數(shù)的字節(jié)長度,再通過JSON轉(zhuǎn)換格式把它里面的三個參數(shù)值取出來,最后其它字節(jié)是存放一張手機拍的照片,把它存放在于們服務(wù)器D盤文件夾下

using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Web;
using System.IO;
using Newtonsoft.Json;

namespace Coreius.CEIMS.AndroidService
{
    public class AndroidInfoService:IAndroidInfo
    {

      public bool GpsUpFile(Stream ImageContext)
        {
            byte[] m_Bytes = ReadToEnd(ImageContext);
            int len = (int)m_Bytes[0];

            byte[] data = m_Bytes.Skip(1).Take(len).ToArray();
            string Jsonstr = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetString(data);

            JsonModel item = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<JsonModel>(Jsonstr);
            string ImageType=item.type;
            string EmployeeID=item.EmployeeID;
            string TaskID=item.TaskID;

            byte[] Imagedata = m_Bytes.Skip(1 + len).ToArray();

            string DiskName = "d:";
            string FileAddress = "\\UpLoad\\";
            string LocationAddress = DiskName + FileAddress;
            if (!DirFileHelper.IsExistDirectory(LocationAddress))
            {
                DirFileHelper.CreateDirectory(LocationAddress);
            }

            string ImageName = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddhhmmss.") + ImageType;
            string ImagePath = LocationAddress + ImageName;
            if (!File.Exists(ImagePath))
            {
                try
                {
                    System.IO.File.WriteAllBytes(ImagePath, Imagedata);
                    ImageContext.Close();
                    return true;
                }
                catch
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
}

上面的代碼用到幾個方法,比如把流轉(zhuǎn)化成字節(jié)、把JSON轉(zhuǎn)化成實現(xiàn)等,代碼如下:

public byte[] ReadToEnd(System.IO.Stream stream)
        {
            long originalPosition = 0;

            if (stream.CanSeek)
            {
                originalPosition = stream.Position;
                stream.Position = 0;
            }

            try
            {
                byte[] readBuffer = new byte[4096];

                int totalBytesRead = 0;
                int bytesRead;

                while ((bytesRead = stream.Read(readBuffer, totalBytesRead, readBuffer.Length - totalBytesRead)) > 0)
                {
                    totalBytesRead += bytesRead;

                    if (totalBytesRead == readBuffer.Length)
                    {
                        int nextByte = stream.ReadByte();
                        if (nextByte != -1)
                        {
                            byte[] temp = new byte[readBuffer.Length * 2];
                            Buffer.BlockCopy(readBuffer, 0, temp, 0, readBuffer.Length);
                            Buffer.SetByte(temp, totalBytesRead, (byte)nextByte);
                            readBuffer = temp;
                            totalBytesRead++;
                        }
                    }
                }

                byte[] buffer = readBuffer;
                if (readBuffer.Length != totalBytesRead)
                {
                    buffer = new byte[totalBytesRead];
                    Buffer.BlockCopy(readBuffer, 0, buffer, 0, totalBytesRead);
                }
                return buffer;
            }
            finally
            {
                if (stream.CanSeek)
                {
                    stream.Position = originalPosition;
                }
            }
        }



    public class JsonModel
    {
        public string type { get; set; }
        public string EmployeeID { get; set; }
        public string TaskID { get; set; }
    }

3:新建一個文本,然后修改其后綴名為.svc,作為我們發(fā)布服務(wù)(宿主為IIS)讓Android手機調(diào)用, 然后把下面的代碼寫入

<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="Coreius.CEIMS.AndroidService.AndroidInfoService" %>

修改Web.config里面的內(nèi)容:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="ConnectionString" value="server=127.0.0.1;database=Coreius;uid=sa;pwd=admin"/>
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="webHttp">
          <webHttp helpEnabled="true"/>
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="MapConfigBehavior">
          <!-- 為避免泄漏元數(shù)據(jù)信息,請在部署前將以下值設(shè)置為 false 并刪除上面的元數(shù)據(jù)終結(jié)點 -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
          <!-- 要接收故障異常詳細信息以進行調(diào)試,請將以下值設(shè)置為 true。在部署前設(shè)置為 false 以避免泄漏異常信息 -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
          <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="2147483647"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>

    <bindings>
      <webHttpBinding>
        <binding name="webHttpBindConfig" receiveTimeout="00:30:00" sendTimeout="00:30:00" maxReceivedMessageSize="104857600" transferMode="Streamed">
          <readerQuotas maxStringContentLength="2147483647" maxArrayLength="2147483647"/>
          <security mode="None"></security>
        </binding>
      </webHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <services>
      <service name="Coreius.CEIMS.AndroidService.AndroidInfoService" behaviorConfiguration="MapConfigBehavior">
        <endpoint binding="webHttpBinding" contract="Coreius.CEIMS.AndroidInterface.IAndroidInfo" bindingConfiguration="webHttpBindConfig" 

behaviorConfiguration="webHttp"/> 
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

此處有些要注意的地方:

(1):此處采用的是webHttpBinding 所以一定要設(shè)置behaviorConfiguration才會有效果,其中helpEnabled="true"則是為實現(xiàn)可以在發(fā)布可以查看幫助信息    

        <behavior name="webHttp">
          <webHttp helpEnabled="true"/>
        </behavior>

(2):為了實現(xiàn)上傳大文件所以我們要如下設(shè)置最大值,其中security是設(shè)置訪問服務(wù)的認(rèn)證,此處是把它設(shè)置成為不認(rèn)證

      <webHttpBinding>
        <binding name="webHttpBindConfig" receiveTimeout="00:30:00" sendTimeout="00:30:00" maxReceivedMessageSize="104857600" transferMode="Streamed">
          <readerQuotas maxStringContentLength="2147483647" maxArrayLength="2147483647"/>
          <security mode="None"></security>
        </binding>
      </webHttpBinding>

4:編寫完上面的代碼后就可以服務(wù)器IIS上部署這個WCF服務(wù):

四:Android編碼

由于Android手機端的代碼是另外一個朋友編寫,所以就把大體的代碼貼出來,大體的原理就是把參數(shù)跟圖片寫入流,然后調(diào)用部署好的WCF服務(wù)

代碼一:因為服務(wù)器不是公用的,所以下面的IP我就隨便修改的一個;

private void toUploadFile(File file) throws FileNotFoundException {
        String result = null;
        requestTime= 0;
        int res = 0;
        long requestTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        long responseTime = 0;
        //封裝參數(shù)信息
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        try {
            jsonObject.put("EmployeeID", MainActivity.guid);
            jsonObject.put("TaskID", "e52df9b4-ee3b-46c5-8387-329b76356641");
            String[] type = file.getName().split("\\.");
            jsonObject.put("type", type[type.length-1]);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        /**上傳文件*/
        HttpParams httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams();
        HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParameters, 1000*30);
        HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParameters, 1000*30);
        HttpConnectionParams.setTcpNoDelay(httpParameters, true);
        String path = PictureUtil.zipNewImage(file);    //壓縮文件后返回的文件路徑
        byte[] bytes = null;
        InputStream is;
        File myfile = new File(path);
        try {
            is = new FileInputStream(path);
            bytes = new byte[(int) myfile.length()];
            int len = 0;
            int curLen = 0;
            while ((len = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                curLen += len;
                is.read(bytes);
            }
            is.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e1) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e1.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        byte[] updata = GpsImagePackage.getPacket(jsonObject.toString(), bytes);    //參數(shù)與文件封裝成單個數(shù)據(jù)包
        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpParameters);
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(MyUrl.upload_file);
        HttpResponse httpResponse;
        //單個文件流上傳
        InputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream( updata );
        InputStreamEntity reqEntity;
        reqEntity = new InputStreamEntity(input, -1);
        reqEntity.setContentType("binary/octet-stream");
        reqEntity.setChunked(true);
        httpPost.setEntity(reqEntity);
        try {
            httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            responseTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            this.requestTime = (int) ((responseTime-requestTime)/1000);
            res = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() ==200) {
                Log.e(TAG, "request success");
                Log.e(TAG, "result : " + result);
                return;
            } else {
                Log.e(TAG, "request error");
                sendMessage(UPLOAD_SERVER_ERROR_CODE,"上傳失。篶ode=" + res);
                return;
            }
            } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    }
package com.anthony.util;
/**
 * 服務(wù)器端接口
 * @author YWJ
 *
 */
public class MyUrl {
    public static String upload_GPS = "http://122.199.19.23:8088/AndroidInfoService.svc/SetGpsInfo";
}

代碼二:

package com.anthony.util;
public class GpsImagePackage {
    public GpsImagePackage() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    //封裝字節(jié)數(shù)組與參數(shù)
    public static byte[] getPacket(String json,byte[] image){
        byte[] jsonb = json.getBytes();
        int length = image.length + jsonb.length;
        System.out.println(image.length +"    "+ jsonb.length);
        byte[] bytes = new byte[length+1];
        byte[] lengthb = InttoByteArray(jsonb.length, 1);
        System.arraycopy(lengthb, 0, bytes, 0, 1);
        System.arraycopy(jsonb, 0, bytes, 1, jsonb.length);
        System.arraycopy(image, 0, bytes, 1+jsonb.length, image.length);
        return bytes;
    }
    //將int轉(zhuǎn)換為字節(jié)數(shù)組
    public static byte[] InttoByteArray(int iSource, int iArrayLen) {
        byte[] bLocalArr = new byte[iArrayLen];
        for ( int i = 0; (i < 4) && (i < iArrayLen); i++) {
             bLocalArr[i] = (byte)( iSource>>8*i & 0xFF );
        }
         return bLocalArr;
    }
     // 將byte數(shù)組bRefArr轉(zhuǎn)為一個整數(shù),字節(jié)數(shù)組的低位是整型的低字節(jié)位
     public static int BytestoInt(byte[] bRefArr) {
         int iOutcome = 0;
         byte bLoop;
         for ( int i =0; i<bRefArr.length ; i++) {
            bLoop = bRefArr[i];
            iOutcome+= (bLoop & 0xFF) << (8 * i);
         }
        return iOutcome;
     }
}

五:運行效果:

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